EN BANC
RE: VEHICULAR ACCIDENT A.M. No. 2008-13-SC
INVOLVING SC
SHUTTLE
BUS
NO. 3 WITH
PLATE
NO.
SEG-357 DRIVEN BY
GERRY B. MORAL, DRIVER
II-CASUAL.
Present:
PUNO, C.J.,
QUISUMBING,
YNARES-SANTIAGO,*
CARPIO,
AUSTRIA-MARTINEZ,
CARPIO
MORALES,
AZCUNA,
TINGA,
CHICO-NAZARIO,
VELASCO,
JR.,
NACHURA,
REYES,
LEONARDO-DE
CASTRO, and
BRION, JJ.
Promulgated:
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RESOLUTION
AZCUNA, J.:
This
administrative matter arose from the vehicular accident which occurred on
Ma.
Theresa B. Andal, Legal Researcher III of the
Judicial Supervision and Monitoring Division, Office of the Court Administrator
and Shuttle Bus No. 3 designated-coordinator, alleged in a sworn statement that
at around
Traffic
Accident Report No. 07-1759 dated
Investigation conducted and as alleged by V1 driver of PUJ Jitney that he was on stop along Shaw blvd and facing east direction because of moderate traffic thereat. At that instance, a Supreme Court shuttle bus driven by Gerry Moral (V2) coming from behind dragged forward with unknown speed and narrated that his driven vehicle brakes malfunction[ed] causing him V2 to accidentally hit/bump the rear end portion of V1 by the front end portion of V2. And due to force of impact V1 surge forward same accident tally hit/bumped the rear end portion of V3 by the front end portion of V1. And again for the third time unaware of the incident the rear end portion of V4 Toyota Corolla driven by female driver also hit/bumped by the front end portion of V3 Toyota Camry, which resulted damage to all four (4) vehicle. Right after the said incident three (3) hitching passengers (male) and one female passenger inside PUJ Jitney sustained injuries and [were] rushed to Polymedic hospital for treatment by immediate arrival of Rescue Ambulance.
The Office of Administrative Services
(OAS) stated in its Memorandum dated
The matter was referred to the
Shuttle Bus Committee for documentation purposes of insurance coverage. Thereafter, Mr. Moral was directed to make
his own narration of the incident.
In compliance, Mr. Moral submitted
his sworn statement dated
Ako po si Gerry B. Moral, SC Shuttle Bus Driver II. Pababa po ako ng Crossing Flyover, Shaw Boulevard, papuntang Antipolo City nang di ko inaasahan na biglang nagkaroon ng problema ang preno ng bus. Pag apak ko ng preno, ayaw kumapit. Pag apak ko uli, wala na. . .ayaw na huminto. Ginawa ko ang lahat para mapahinto ang bus. Naghandbrake na ako. Ang pangyayari ay tumatakbo ako ng humigit kumulang twenty (20) to twenty-five (25) k.p.h. Gumapang po ang bus pababa ng flyover nang maghandbrake ako. Sa kasamaang palad, inabot pa rin ang nakahinto na jeep na may nakasabit sa kanang bahagi na tatlong pasahero. Nasira po ang bumper at salamin sa harapan ng bus. Hindi ko po kagustuhan ang aksidente. Kung hindi lang lumusot ang preno ng bus, wala sanang namatay at nasaktan.
The OAS, as the initiatory authority
to discipline shuttle bus drivers, issued a memorandum directing some employees
who were on board the bus to submit their respective statements regarding the
incident to determine the possibility of recklessness on the part of Mr. Moral as
a ground for disciplinary action against him.
The OAS summarized their statements
as follows:
Mr.
Rolando U. Del Rosario, Typesetter II of the Printing Services, simply
concurred with the driver’s statements; Mr. Ricardo N. Lai, Jr., SC Supervising
Judicial Staff Officer of the MISO stated that he was seated at the second row
of the bus. That he saw Mr. Moral flash
the bus headlights as a warning while his right foot was stepping heavily on
the break pedal. He stated that the bus
was running at a speed of approximately 20 kph; Mr.
Vicente L. Macafe, Jr., Chauffeur I of the Program
Management Office, on the other hand, stated that he was seated at the back of
the bus driver. That while the bus was
on its way down from the flyover, he noticed that it had an accelerated speed when
it hit the passenger jeepney. Some hitching and seated passengers were
injured; Mr. Joderick R. Gonzalez, Data Entry Machine
Operator, Office of ACA Villaror, submitted his
statement and alleged that the bus was not in its normal rate of speed. This was corroborated by Ms. Estrellita R. Gonzales, Court Stenographer III, Office of
the Court Administrator, who recalled
that before the accident happened the bus was purportedly traversing the
flyover at high speed.
After a thorough evaluation of the
statements submitted and documents gathered in relation to the vehicular
accident, the OAS, in a Memorandum dated September 8, 2008, declared that it was convinced that the accident happened with no fault or negligence on the part of Mr. Moral. It attributed the accident to the
malfunctioning of the brake of the bus which was beyond the driver’s control. It stated:
After
a thorough evaluation of the respective claims, this Office is convinced that
the incident was purely accidental with no fault or negligence on our driver so
far.
As
indicated in the Traffic Accident Report, the bus with unknown speed suddenly
lost its brakes which resulted to both damage to properties and injuries to
victims. This Office would like to
emphasize the roadworthiness of our shuttle buses, i.e. the said bus from the
time it left the parking area in the afternoon to pick up its regular
employee-passengers had perfect functioning brakes and in good running
condition until the accident. It can
assure that a driver of a Court’s Shuttle Bus conducts an overall check-up on
the condition of the bus he is driving.
The passengers may just have presumed that the bus was purportedly
traversing at high speed because it was descending the flyover making it
difficult for Mr. Moral to control the bus due to the malfunctioning of the
brakes which is beyond his control.
Neither had they any point of comparison at hand whether the speed of
the bus at that time it was descending was greater than what is
reasonable. Besides, as stated in the police
report, there was a moderate traffic before the accident occurred. In doing the
alleged negligent act or recklessness, if there was any, on the part of Mr.
Moral, no proof has yet been submitted to support this allegation.
In
this case, the reasonable care and caution which an ordinary prudent person
would have used may be presumed in his favor.
In fact, Mr. Moral applied all means within his ability to lessen the
degree of damage to the passenger jeepney which may
have resulted due to the impact of the impending collision. What clearly
happened was an accident with no fault or negligence attache[d]
to Mr. Moral.
The OAS stated that Mr. Moral is a
casual employee of the Court. He was hired under pertinent civil service rules.
He assumed the position of shuttle bus driver on
The OAS recommends the immediate
termination of Mr. Moral on the ground of loss of trust and confidence in him by
the shuttle bus riders and that he has no security of tenure as a casual
employee; hence, his services can be terminated anytime for cause.
The issue is whether or not Mr. Moral
can be terminated from his casual employment due to the vehicular accident.
The pertinent laws applicable in this
case are Sec. 2, Article IX (B) of the Constitution and Sec. 46 (a), Chapter 7
of the Civil Service Law, thus:
Article IX
(B) of the Constitution
Sec.
2. x x x
(3)
No officer or employee of the civil service shall be removed or suspended
except for cause provided by law.
x x x
(6)
Temporary employees of the Government shall be given such protection as may be
provided by law.
The Civil Service Law
Sec. 46. Discipline: General Provisions.
– (a) No officer or employee in the
Civil Service shall be suspended or dismissed except for cause as provided by
law after due process.
Further, Civil Aeronautics
Administration v. IAC[1]
held that “the mantle of protection against arbitrary dismissals is accorded to
an employee even if he is a non-eligible and holds a temporary appointment.”
Hence, a government employee holding
a casual or temporary employment cannot be terminated within the period of his employment
except for cause.
In this case, Mr. Moral can be
dismissed from employment if he is found
guilty of gross neglect of duty which is
punished with dismissal under Sec. 22, Rule XIV of the Omnibus Civil Service
Rules and Regulations.
However, in the Memorandum dated
Malfunction or
loss of brake is not a fortuitous event.[2] Between the owner and his driver, on the one
hand, and third parties such as commuters, drivers and pedestrians, on the
other, the former is presumed to know about the condition of his vehicle and is
duty bound to take care thereof with the diligence of a good father of the
family.[3]
In this case, the OAS averred that it
is the shuttle bus driver who conducts an overall check-up on the condition of
the bus he is driving. It pointed out
that Shuttle Bus No. 3 was roadworthy because it was in good running condition
and its brakes functioned perfectly from the time it left the parking area in
the afternoon of
In view of the lack of evidence showing
gross neglect of duty on the part of Mr. Moral, the Court cannot sustain the
recommendation of OAS for the dismissal of Mr. Moral on the ground that he is
merely a casual employee. Even a casual or temporary employee enjoys security
of tenure and cannot be dismissed except for cause enumerated in Sec. 22, Rule
XIV of the Omnibus Civil Service Rules and Regulations and other pertinent
laws. However, Mr. Moral’s services may no longer be engaged after termination
of his employment contract as a temporary employee.
Further, the Court cannot uphold the recommendation
of OAS that Mr. Moral be dismissed for loss of trust and confidence by the
passengers of the bus because a driver is not a confidential employee as
defined in Civil Service Commission v. Salas, [4]
thus:
The occupant of a particular position could be
considered a confidential employee if the predominant reason why he was chosen
by the appointing authority was the latter’s belief that he can share a close
intimate relationship with the occupant which ensures freedom of discussion,
without fear of embarrassment or misgivings of possible betrayal of personal
trust or confidential matters of state.
Withal, where the position occupied is remote from that of the
appointing authority, the element of trust between them is no longer
predominant.
WHEREFORE, respondent GERRY B. MORAL is
RETAINED as shuttle bus driver until the end of the term of his temporary
employment in the Court, i.e.,
December of 2008, unless he is earlier dismissed for cause in another case.
SO ORDERED.
ADOLFO S. AZCUNA
Associate Justice
WE CONCUR:
REYNATO S. PUNO
Chief Justice
(On Leave)
LEONARDO A. QUISUMBING
CONSUELO YNARES-SANTIAGO
Associate
Justice Associate Justice
ANTONIO T. CARPIO MA. ALICIA AUSTRIA-MARTINEZ
Associate
Justice Associate Justice
RENATO C. CORONA CONCHITA CARPIO MORALES
Associate Justice Associate Justice
DANTE O. TINGA MINITA V.
CHICO-NAZARIO
Associate
Justice Associate Justice
PRESBITERO J. VELASCO, JR. ANTONIO EDUARDO B. NACHURA
Associate
Justice Associate Justice
RUBEN T. REYES TERESITA J. LEONARDO-DE
CASTRO
Associate
Justice Associate Justice
ARTURO D.
BRION
Associate Justice